Search results for "Quadrate bone"
showing 2 items of 2 documents
Disconnecting bones within the jaw-otic network modules underlies mammalian middle ear evolution
2019
The origin of the mammalian middle ear ossicles from the craniomandibular articulation of their synapsid ancestors is a key event in the evolution of vertebrates. The richness of the fossil record and the multitude of developmental studies have provided a stepwise reconstruction of this evolutionary innovation, highlighting the homology between the quadrate, articular, pre-articular and angular bones of early synapsids with the incus, malleus, gonial and ectotympanic bones of derived mammals, respectively. There are several aspects involved in this functional exaptation: (i) an increase of the masticatory musculature; (ii) the separation of the quadrate bone from the cranium; and (iii) the …
Two new species of the genusBatropetes(Tetrapoda, Lepospondyli) from the Central European Rotliegend (basal Permian) in Germany
2015
ABSTRACTTwo new species of Batropetes are described from the Lower Rotliegend of the Saar-Nahe Basin in western Germany. Batropetes palatinus, sp. nov., is characterized by a narrow, anteriorly elongated prefrontal, a slender postfrontal without an anterolateral process, a trapezoid postorbital, and a large quadrate in exterior view. Batropetes appelensis, sp. nov., is characterized by a high angular, ‘Z’-shaped angular-dentary suture, no indentation between stem and plate of interclavicle, and scapulocoracoid without ossified coracoid. The genus Batropetes is characterized by an average length of almost 8 cm, a short trunk with 17 or 19 presacrals depending on the species, large orbit with…